Its not the "refunds" that are being delayed- it has absolutely nothing to do with funding.
The IRS is not even accepting returns with certain forms (mostly Schedule A, but there are others affected) due to delays in finalizing tax laws. Laws aren't finalized on time, so forms can't be finalized and software programmed in time. Simple.
They are not "holding your money". For those who have already "filed" who are affected by the delay, your returns haven't even gone to the IRS yet. They are sitting on a host somewhere, waiting to go through on the 14th.
The IRS releases refunds in "batches". Direct deposits take 8-15 days, when you file depends on what "batch" you'll be in. Some people are receiving their refunds early, due to the IRS CADE program, but there is no information available on who qualifies for an earlier refund. I can't find a link to the funding chart on the IRS website, but these are the funding dates for Direct Deposit. Checks take an additional week or two in the mail, though the checks should still be issued on the same dates listed below:
Jan 3 - 19 = Jan 28
Jan 20 - 26 = Feb 4
Jan 27 - Feb 2 = Feb 11
Feb 3 - Feb 9 = Feb 18
Feb 10 - Feb 16 = Feb 25
Feb 17 - Feb 23 = Mar 4
Feb 24 - Mar 2 = Mar 11
Mar 3 - Mar 9 = Mar 18
Mar 10 - Mar 16 = Mar 25
Mar 17 - Mar 23 = Apr 1
Mar 24 - Mar 30 = Apr 8
Mar 31 - Apr 6 = Apr 15
Apr 7 - Apr 13 = Apr 22
Apr 14 - Apr 18 - Apr 29
Your actual refund may come earlier due to the CADE program, or later if there are any delays. The dates above are from IRS acceptance.