What are your frugal and sustainable tips and tricks?

[BDutch]

so the roads are maintained by a tax on gasoline and diesel, have you heard of how the are going to collect money from evs

In my country they put taxes on electricity and the weight of a car too.

I do have a question for EV owners: If you need to recharge at a public station, how long does it take? How much does it cost?

Depends:
Slow charging (several hours) costs a bit less than gasoline if you count the miles/km you can drive. If you have a charging card or app from the owner/company it’s often cheaper.
There are many different prices and some charging cards or apps do not charge on all EV stations.

It has been a learning process at the start. But the apps and info get better al the time. And the number of charging stations increased a lot since 5 years ago.

Most public chargers do 22kW/hour. Meaning you can ride 100-140 km (less than 100miles) after charging one hour. But some only charge 11kW (like most home charging stations).

Quick charging takes 10 to 30 minutes , depending on the EV station and the car, and is more expensive. Located mainly beside highways.
New cars can charge 100kW/hour or even more. Old cars often max 50kW/hour. For safety reasons up to 80% of the battery capacity.

We have an older car (max 50kW). If we make longer trips we combine charging with a coffee break or a restaurant. Our car can drive approximately 400km with a charged battery.

 

[gtaus]

so the roads are maintained by a tax on gasoline and diesel, have you heard of how the are going to collect money from evs

It varies from state to state. But this summary will give you a good overview of extra fees accessed to EVs to help maintain the roads....

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Yes—many states are now charging EV owners through higher registration fees, mileage-based taxes, and proposed charging station surcharges to replace lost gas tax revenue.

Here’s how it’s unfolding:

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• Gas and diesel taxes fund most road maintenance—about 84% of federal and 29% of state highway budgets.
• EVs don’t use fuel, so they don’t pay into this system, creating a funding gap as EV adoption grows.

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1. Higher Registration Fees
   
   • Over 26 states now charge extra annual fees for EVs.
   • Example: Illinois raised EV registration to $248/year, $100 more than gas cars.
   • Some states like Georgia and Missouri charge flat fees that exceed what gas drivers pay in fuel taxes.
2. Mileage-Based Road Use Fees
   
   • States like Utah are experimenting with per-mile tracking systems to charge EVs based on actual road usage.
   • These systems may use onboard devices or odometer reporting.
3. Charging Station Taxes
   
   • Some proposals aim to tax electricity at public EV chargers, mimicking the gas tax model.
   • Problem: Most EV charging happens at home, so this captures only a fraction of usage.
4. Toll Increases
   
   • Some states are raising tolls across the board, making all drivers contribute, regardless of fuel type.

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​

• Critics argue that some EV fees are higher than what gas drivers pay, effectively penalizing clean vehicle adoption.
• EVs are heavier, which can cause more road wear—some states are factoring this into fee structures.

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EV owners in Minnesota pay added fees for highway maintenance through annual registration surcharges and, starting in 2027, a public charging tax.

Here’s how it works:

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• Annual EV surcharge: Previously a flat $75, now at least $150 starting January 2026, and often higher depending on the vehicle’s value and age.
• Fee formula: EV owners pay 0.5% of their vehicle’s MSRP, adjusted downward each year:
  • Year 1: 100% of MSRP
  • Year 2: 95%, Year 3: 90%, … down to 10% for vehicles 10+ years old
• Example: A 3-year-old Hyundai Ioniq ($42,600 MSRP) would incur a fee of $192/year.

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• Starting July 2027, Minnesota will impose a $0.05 per kWh tax on electricity used at public fast-charging stations.
• At that point, the annual surcharge minimum drops to $100, but most drivers will still pay more based on vehicle value.

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• EVs don’t pay gas taxes, which fund roads and bridges.
• Minnesota faces a $1 billion/year funding gap for transportation infrastructure.
• Legislators argue EVs are heavier and cause more road wear, justifying higher fees.

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In my state, we are used to paying higher registration fees on more valuable vehicles. Some young kid with an expensive sports car is going to pay a higher fee than I would with a 30-year-old truck running around the farm. I don't mind paying road maintenance fees at the pump. We all take advantage of good roads. I just hope they don't come up with a system to estimate "average" EV use in year and charge a fee on that estimate. No doubt, Dear Wife and I would be on the very low end with maybe less than 5,000 actual miles per year. Our state average is ~13,000 miles, almost 3X more than what we drive.

Dear Wife and I are heading into our retirement years. I don't expect we will be driving into town just for fun. Maybe they will take age of EV owner into consideration if they start to base EV fees on estimates. I would prefer EV taxes are based on actual road usage, mainly because it would benefit me, as opposed to higher registration fees based on average use estimates.

 

[gtaus]

I will consider EV when the batteries are not made with Cobalt.

Good news on that issue, too...

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Yes—some EVs currently use sodium-ion batteries, including the BYD Dolphin and upcoming budget models from Tesla and CATL. These batteries are emerging as a low-cost, sustainable alternative to lithium-ion.

Here’s a detailed look at what’s happening:

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️

• BYD Dolphin: Debuted in March 2024 with a sodium-ion battery offering ~250 miles of range.
• Tesla: Plans to use sodium-ion batteries in its upcoming $25,000 entry-level EV, targeting affordability and sustainability.
• CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Ltd.): Released two sodium-ion battery models ready for mass production by late 2025, with energy densities up to 200 Wh/kg and performance down to -40°C.

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• Cost: Sodium costs ~$0.05/kg vs lithium’s ~$15/kg.
• Sustainability: No cobalt or nickel; less toxic mining footprint.
• Durability: Some models offer up to 20,000 charge cycles with 70% capacity retention.
• Rapid Charging: Can reach 80% in ~15 minutes, rivaling fast lithium-ion systems.

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• Lower energy densitythan lithium-ion, making them better suited for:
  • Budget EVs
  • Urban commuting
  • Fleet vehicles
• Heavier weight and lower range make them less ideal for long-distance or performance EVs—for now.

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We did not have any EV's from BYD at our EV show, but that is one question that I would have loved to talked to them about. Nobody is going to go to war over salt which is accessible to entire world. No need for toxic mining and toxic battery waste dumping at the end of life of the battery pack.

 

[saysfaa]

Good news on that issue, too...

*****************
Yes—some EVs currently use sodium-ion batteries, including the BYD Dolphin and upcoming budget models from Tesla and CATL. These batteries are emerging as a low-cost, sustainable alternative to lithium-ion.

Here’s a detailed look at what’s happening:

---

️

• BYD Dolphin: Debuted in March 2024 with a sodium-ion battery offering ~250 miles of range.
• Tesla: Plans to use sodium-ion batteries in its upcoming $25,000 entry-level EV, targeting affordability and sustainability.
• CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Ltd.): Released two sodium-ion battery models ready for mass production by late 2025, with energy densities up to 200 Wh/kg and performance down to -40°C.

---

• Cost: Sodium costs ~$0.05/kg vs lithium’s ~$15/kg.
• Sustainability: No cobalt or nickel; less toxic mining footprint.
• Durability: Some models offer up to 20,000 charge cycles with 70% capacity retention.
• Rapid Charging: Can reach 80% in ~15 minutes, rivaling fast lithium-ion systems.

---

• Lower energy densitythan lithium-ion, making them better suited for:
  • Budget EVs
  • Urban commuting
  • Fleet vehicles
• Heavier weight and lower range make them less ideal for long-distance or performance EVs—for now.

---

*****************
We did not have any EV's from BYD at our EV show, but that is one question that I would have loved to talked to them about. Nobody is going to go to war over salt which is accessible to entire world. No need for toxic mining and toxic battery waste dumping at the end of life of the battery pack.

I am ecstatic to hear this.

 

[gtaus]

I am ecstatic to hear this.

Since you are interested in battery technologies, here is something you might want to consider....

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Sodium-ion batteries are more tolerant of full charge-discharge cycles, while lithium-ion batteries degrade faster when routinely cycled from 0% to 100%. This difference stems from the underlying chemistry and structural stability of the electrodes.
Let’s break it down with a comparison table:

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Battery Technology Comparison: Cycle Life and Usable Energy​

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Key Takeaways​

• Sodium-ion batteries tolerate full depth-of-discharge without significant degradation, making them ideal for daily full cycles (e.g., fleet or rural use).
• LFP batteries are also robust and increasingly popular for long-life EVs.
• NMC lithium-ion batteries benefit from partial cycling (20–80%) to extend life.
• Solid-state batteries may revolutionize EV longevity, but they’re not yet widely available.

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I had a lot of fun talking to some of the people at the EV show about the different battery technologies and what we can look forward to in the near future. Everyone was excited to talk about the promise of sodium batteries that should be cheaper, longer lasting, and safer for the environment. They just need to find a way to pack in more energy density into the battery packs for the high performance EV's. However, for someone like me, my daily work commute is 20 miles so a sodium battery with 200 miles would last almost 2 full weeks. I could easily get by charging up a sodium battery once per week overnight.

I just hope the price of EV's continues to come down to the point where I can afford to make the jump next time I need a vehicle.

One guy at the EV show had a 10-year-old Tesla model X that he told me cost $150,000 back in the day. He then told me that same model is selling for around $40,000 today. I don't think I heard him correctly. Maybe he meant to say it's selling for $40,000 less today. Anyways, it was fun to look at and talk to the owner...

Well, it sure looks cool, but it's not a door configuration I would want for our snow country. He has had some gasket sealing issues around the back doors which lets water get into the car on the back seats. I think having melting snow on top of the car might pose some concerns. I got the feeling that he does not use those back doors in the winter if it's snowing outside.

We have to make adjustments for the cold and snow where I live. My cars have electric windows, but we never use them in the winter. You risk having melted, then frozen ice on the windows. When you hit that electric window switch, you risk burning out the motor if the window is ice locked. Likewise, I seldom lock the car doors in the winter because if it's really cold, you might not get back into the car. It's just a fact of life where I live.

Winters are very hard on our cars and that, I believe, has been a big factor holding back the adaptation of EV's where I live due to the reduced battery capacity in the winter. Lots of people were talking about sodium batteries performance in our winter months. You might enjoy this....

 

[sniper338]

Free ranging everyday lowers the feed bill.