For egg production and feed to egg ratio, you just can't beat white leghorns. As everyone has said.
The different sexlinks can offer similar short-term production sometimes but are mixes, may not lay as long, and can have health issues.
Brown layers known for good production include plymouth rocks, australorps, new hampshire or rhode island reds, and a few others.
If temperament matters, many will suggest orpingtons for their sweet disposition. They're also decent layers. Sussex and australorps also tend to be pretty docile but individuals and bloodlines/genetics will vary.
If you want colored eggs, easter eggers will typically give you a good amount of green or blue. Cream legbars will cost a bit more but lay a lot of blue eggs. For dark brown, marans and welsummers are common but typically don't lay as much as the most productive breeds. Olive or green egg hybrids are available too.
Sorry a lot of this just summarizes/repeats what everyone has so helpfully said. Basically, there are a ton of good options and it depends a lot on your personal preferences - like whether personality, egg color, or looks matter.
My recommendation? I'd get a couple birds of 2 or 3 breeds you're interested in and see what you like. We've been surprised by how much we fell in love with cream legbars and australorps, while not enjoying our (bossy/not so productive) wyandottes as much as expected.
Good luck!